Can the "ketogenic" diet lose weight and reduce diabetes? Study: Risk of cardiovascular events 2 times higher
Can the ketogenic diet help you lose weight? Study: Cardiovascular events are 2 times more likely
The “ketogenic diet”, which mainly consumes a high proportion of fat, has been leading a trend around the world because it is claimed to have the effects of weight loss and lowering insulin resistance. It is also one of the “weight loss diets” that many people try. However, ketogenic diet The keto diet is also thought to potentially raise blood cholesterol, which is detrimental to heart health.
Since the dietary intake ratio of the ketogenic diet is relatively extreme, some people also adopt a ketogenic diet method of “low carbohydrate” combined with “high fat” to achieve similar effects. However, a recent observational study shows that people who adopt a “ketogenic” diet are more likely to increase their low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL) and have a 2-fold higher risk of cardiovascular events. The study was presented at the American College of Cardiology Annual Scientific Session.
Increase LDL cholesterol? Ketogenic group is more susceptible to myocardial infarction
The research team used 500,000 data from the British Biodatabase to define “low-carbohydrate” and “high-fat” diets as: carbohydrates account for no more than 25% of total daily calories; fat intake accounts for less than 45% of total daily calories. superior. Those who meet the intake ratio are classified as “ketogenic diet”. Compared to a strict ketogenic diet, a ketogenic diet has a higher proportion of carbohydrates and a lower intake of fat.
According to the analysis results, the research team claimed that the group that adopts “low carbohydrate” and “high fat” has a higher average proportion of overweight (27.7: 26.7) and a higher incidence of diabetes (4.9%: 1.7%). In addition, indicators related to cardiovascular disease have also found that the “ketogenic” diet will increase low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and apolipoprotein B (Apo-B) values. Apo-B is considered an indicator for assessing the risk of coronary heart disease. , also related to atherosclerosis.
Comparing the cardiovascular risks of two groups of people who followed a “ketogenic diet” and a standard diet 11.8 years later, the research team found that the group of people who followed a low-carbohydrate diet with a high-fat diet had an increased risk of cardiovascular disease. twice as much (HR 2.18). In other words, the ketogenic diet is associated with higher rates of cardiovascular events such as myocardial infarction, coronary artery disease, and ischemic stroke.
Is it more dangerous to follow a ketogenic diet if you have high cholesterol problems?
Liam Brunham, senior author of the study and associate professor of medicine at Columbia University, said in a commentary that this study is the first to prove that the popular diet that belongs to the concept of “ketogenic diet” may be associated with higher low-density cholesterol and future cardiovascular disease. Risk related. Considering that many people around the world still follow the ketogenic diet or ketogenic diet, which may lead to more risks of cardiovascular events, public health units should continue to pay attention.
Liam Brunham also pointed out that past research has shown that the ketogenic diet can increase blood cholesterol, but some opinions believe that this is a natural metabolic change in the body caused by dietary adjustments and does not increase other health risks. However, this study found that if people with severe high cholesterol adopt a “low-carbohydrate” and “high-fat” diet, the risk of cardiovascular disease will increase significantly by six times. It shows that some people will indeed aggravate the problem of hypercholesterolemia due to the “ketogenic” eating pattern.
Insufficient evidence from observational studies? Heart expert recommends “Mediterranean diet”
However, the evidence strength of this observational study has also been criticized by other experts. Steven Nissen, chairman of the clinical cardiology department at the Cleveland Clinic, believes that those who experienced cardiovascular events in the study may themselves have poor control of the three high blood pressure or have a history of cardiovascular disease. For people with systemic diseases, it cannot be inferred that the ketogenic diet directly caused cardiovascular events. However, in the group following the ketogenic diet, the increase in LDL was actually not high enough to cause heart disease.
Steven Nissen believes that adopting a “ketogenic” diet for a short period of time can indeed help some people lose weight. However, due to current research evidence, the pros and cons of a high-fat diet in different groups cannot be proven. However, in terms of cardiovascular health, he would recommend that risk groups adopt the “Mediterranean diet” because rigorous randomized controlled studies have proven that the Mediterranean diet can reduce the occurrence of cardiovascular events.
Source:
Further reading:
