Is blood vessel blockage not just for the elderly? Are diabetes and cholesterol the unexploded bombs in blood vessels? Doctors name 8 major "landmine factors"
Is plaque obstruction related to blood sugar? Which risk factors should we be most careful about?
In recent years, celebrities have frequently died of cardiovascular events, and poor control of risk factors can easily increase the risk of acute coronary heart disease. Dr. Huang Chongcheng, Department of Cardiology, New Taipei City Hospital , accepted an exclusive interview with “healthorn” and pointed out that one of the main reasons for vascular plaque obstruction is related to poor blood sugar control in diabetes. Doctors remind that vascular plaque obstruction will affect the function of endothelial cells and even cause vascular endothelial rupture, causing platelets to stick to the site of endothelial rupture, increasing the risk of blood clots and thrombosis.
Dr. Huang Chongcheng said that the most important risk factors affecting vascular plaques are high low-density cholesterol (LDL), followed by diabetes, high blood pressure, smoking, obesity, male gender, aging, genetics and other factors. The more risk factors there are, the higher the risk of developing vascular plaques.
If you have symptoms, may it be a severe blockage? Is pain in the jaw and hands a cardiovascular warning sign?
Dr. Huang Chongcheng reminded that the early generation of vascular plaque will not cause immediate harm to organs, and there will be no obvious symptoms in the early stage. From the time when bad cholesterol (low-density cholesterol) begins to accumulate in blood vessels to the formation of blood vessel plaques, it will take about 10 to 20 years to cause 50% blockage of blood vessels. The endothelium of blood vessels will begin to undergo irregular changes, and platelet staining on the endothelium is prone to occur. Sticky, forming thrombus, causing blood vessel obstruction. Therefore, the peak period of cardiovascular events caused by vascular plaques may occur approximately 10 years later when risk factors are poorly controlled.
When the heart blood vessels are severely blocked, possible clinical symptoms include: severe chest pain, sore jaw, soreness in the left and right hands, breathlessness, and pain at rest. Dr. Huang Chongcheng pointed out that once the blood vessels are completely blocked, the heart muscles controlled by the blood vessels will not be supplied with oxygen for an instant and will stop contracting. Shock may occur within a few seconds, leading to severe arrhythmia or even the heart stopping completely. .
Poor control of blood sugar and cholesterol increases risk of heart disease 5 times?
Poor blood sugar control in diabetes is one of the main risk factors for cardiovascular events. Dr. Huang Chongcheng reminded that the average person’s glycated hemoglobin is below 5.5%. For those who have diabetes and have never had cardiovascular events, it is recommended to control the glycated hemoglobin below 6.5%. However, if you have diabetes but have experienced a cardiovascular event, your blood sugar control does not tend to be too strict. It is recommended that your glycated hemoglobin be controlled below 7%.
In addition, people with diabetes should pay more attention to whether cholesterol control is up to standard. Dr. Huang Chongcheng explained that the low-density cholesterol standard for diabetics should be regarded as having cardiovascular events and must be controlled below 70 mg/dL. If you have diabetes combined with cardiovascular events, or have cardiovascular plaque problems, the risk should be regarded as having had a myocardial infarction, and low-density cholesterol should be controlled below 55 mg/dL.
Dr. Huang Chongcheng reminded that in order to reduce the risk of cardiovascular events, once diabetes occurs, it is best to strictly control it at the early stage, so that the cardiovascular risk can be maintained about the same as that of normal people. If glycated hemoglobin is poorly controlled, or even increases by more than 8% or 9%, the chance of cardiovascular events may be more than five times higher than normal, so the importance of blood sugar control must be taken seriously.
Do young people also suffer from myocardial infarction? Risk factors should be controlled within ideal values
Generally speaking, myocardial infarction tends to occur in the early morning hours. Dr. Huang Chongcheng explained that after the body loses water throughout the night, blood viscosity will increase. However, if you perspire a lot during daytime activities without replenishing water, or if you drink alcohol or eat a lot in the summer heat, it will also increase blood viscosity and cause blood flow to slow down. At this time, if you take in too much high Fatty foods may cause endothelial rupture and thrombus attachment, leading to acute coronary heart disease. Doctors remind that myocardial infarction does not necessarily only occur in winter. People with poor lifestyle may also occur in summer or hot weather.
In addition, young people may also suffer from myocardial infarction, which is often related to excessive low-density cholesterol. Dr. Huang Chongcheng pointed out that he once treated a young patient who suffered a myocardial infarction at the age of 27 and is currently taking regular medication to control hyperlipidemia. Doctors remind that family history of hyperlipidemia is also one of the risk factors for myocardial infarction, and young people should not ignore its risk.
To prevent the risk of myocardial infarction, risk factors must be controlled within ideal values. Dr. Huang Chongcheng reminded that if you have high blood pressure, you should pay attention to controlling your blood pressure; if you have poor blood sugar, you should control your glycated hemoglobin to reach the target; if you have high blood lipids, you should control your low-density cholesterol below 100 mg/dL or even 70 mg/dL. If you have a smoking habit, you should quit smoking. Obese people, especially those with central abdominal obesity, are advised to exercise moderately.
